Botswana Gender Monograph and insight report

The Botswana Gender Monograph 2025 provides a comprehensive analysis of gender equality in Botswana, highlighting progress and persistent disparities across social, economic, and political domains. The report draws on the 2022 Population and Housing Census, national surveys, and qualitative insights to assess gender dynamics and inform policy reforms. Key findings include significant strides in education, with women achieving parity in primary and secondary school enrollment and surpassing men in tertiary education. 

However, women remain underrepresented in STEM fields and face barriers in transitioning to high-growth sectors. Economic participation shows pronounced gender gaps, with women experiencing lower labor force participation, higher unemployment, and limited access to land, credit, and productive assets. Gender-based violence (GBV) remains a critical issue, with one in three women experiencing violence, compounded by underreporting and limited survivor support services. Women’s political representation is notably low, with only 11% of parliamentary seats held by women, far below regional targets. Cultural norms and patriarchal structures continue to reinforce gender inequalities in inheritance, marriage, and decision-making. 

The report calls for urgent action, including enacting a Gender Equality Act, introducing quotas for political representation, strengthening gender-responsive institutions, and addressing GBV through comprehensive prevention and support programs. It emphasizes the need for gender-disaggregated data, targeted interventions for vulnerable groups, and transformative cultural change to achieve Botswana’s commitments under Vision 2036, Agenda 2063, and the Sustainable Development Goals.